The accepted notation I've seen would simply be
$$\underbrace{\int\cdots\int_0^x}_n f(x)\,\underbrace{dx\cdots dx}_n$$
See the Wolfram Mathworld page on Repeated Integration for example. In other words, you can simply write $dx\;dx$ if you want to.
Note that by Cauchy's Repeated Integration Formula we can write this as
$$\frac{1}{(n-1)!}\int_0^x f(t)(x-t)^{n-1}dt$$
Another common notation can be found on Wikipedia's page on Cauchy's Repeated Integration Formula, namely
$$ \int_0^x \int_0^{t_1} \cdots \int_0^{t_{n-1}} f(t) \, \mathrm{d}t_{n} \cdots \, \mathrm{d}t_2 \, \mathrm{d}t_1$$
Note that I have modified this slightly from Wikipedia
Here we can avoid using an underbrace when we have too many integrals to write out explicitly, because of the subscripts on the different differentials. Note that the outside integral as a limit of $x$ and so our function ends up being in terms of $x$ as it should