I take a walk each morning along the sides of a square; each side is one mile. I start at one corner and walk at a constant speed.
As I start on the walk, an unfriendly wasp always starts at the center of the square and starts chasing me, always flying directly in the direction from the wasp to myself. She must be flying a bit faster than I walk, since precisely when I complete the walk (having returned to the starting corner) the wasp meets me and greets me with an unfriendly sting.
How far has the wasp flown in her chase?
By supplying the wasp with a FitBit (or perhaps by numerically integrating the equations of motion) I can tell you that the answer is roughly 4.029 miles. But I would like to have either a closed form expression for the distance travelled, or failing that, a perturbative solution that will tell me how much the distance exceeds the 4 mile perimeter of the square, to at least first order in some small quantity.