As it is well-known, there is no formula for expression of perimeter of the ellipse $(\frac{x}{a})^2+(\frac{y}{b})^2=1$, as an elementary function of $a$ and $b$. I am interested to find an exact formulation of this fact, and its proof.
Especially, could one impose conditions on $a$ and $b$, such that an elementary function expression of perimeter is available? (Loosely speaking, similar to Galois theory which discusses about solvability of polynomial equations). Is there a purely algebraic formulation of the problem?