Ideals generated by irreducible elements in a UFD.

Question

Suppose $R$ is a UFD and that $a,b \in R$ are distinct irreducible elements. Which of the following statements is true?

1. The ideal $\langle1+a \rangle$ is a prime ideal.
2. The ideal $\langle a+b\rangle$ is a prime ideal.
3. The ideal $\langle 1+ab\rangle$ is a prime ideal.
4. The ideal $\langle a\rangle$ is not necessarily a maximal ideal.

Since $R$ is an UFD, and $a,b$ are irreducible in $R$ so they are prime elements. So the ideal $\langle a\rangle$ is a prime ideal, but it is not a maximal ideal, as ideal generated by a irreducible element is maximal iff the domain is a PID. So option 4 is correct. But I don't know how to refute the other three options. Any help or hint would be nice. Thank you.

Answer 1

I assume by $$ you mean the principal ideal generated by $x\in R$.

Consider $R=\mathbb{Z}$ and let $a=3$,$b=5$,then $a$ and $b$ are distinct irreducibles.

1.$(1+a)=(4)$ is not prime.

2.$(a+b)=(8)$ is not prime

3.$(1+ab)=(1+15)=(16)$ is not prime.

For 4, you are right. An example is $R=\mathbb{R}[x][y]$, and let $a=x$.