4
$\begingroup$

Let $f$ be a function: $$ f:\mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R} $$ It is known that: $$ \lim_{x\to\infty}f(x) = 0 $$ I need to prove / disprove that the following limit exist: $$ \lim_{x \to 0}f\left(\frac{1}{x}\right) $$

  • 2
    What does $x\to \infty$ mean here? Does it mean $x \to +\infty$ or $\lvert x\rvert \to \infty$?2017-01-03
  • 1
    It means $$ x \to +\infty $$2017-01-03

2 Answers 2

7

Example:

$$f(x)=\begin{cases}\frac1x&;x>0\\1&;x\le0\end{cases}$$

$$\lim_{x\to\infty}f(x)=0$$

but

$$\lim_{x\to0^+}f(1/x)=\lim_{x\to0^+}x=0$$

$$\lim_{x\to0^-}f(1/x)=\lim_{x\to0^-}1=1$$

  • 0
    So simple...Thank you2017-01-03
  • 0
    @Noam That is my trademark ;)2017-01-03
  • 2
    @SimpleArt For the love of simplicity, $f(x)=e^{-x}$ is an even simpler function ;)2017-01-03
  • 1
    @5xum Oh you...2017-01-03
5

Maybe the simplest counterexample would be $f(x)=e^{-x}$.

The limit $$\lim_{x\to 0} e^{-\frac1x}$$ does not exist, because if $x$ is small but positive, $e^{-\frac1x}$ is close to $0$, but if $x$ is small and negative, then $e^{-\frac1x}$ is large.