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Let $A$ be a local noetherian ring, $M$ an $A$-module finitely generated. Let $f$ be an $A$-regular and $M$-regular element (i.e. $f$ is not a zero divisors on $A$ nor on $M$). Then inside the category of $A/fA$-modules (I think we can suppose finitely generated), we have the following isomorphisms of functors:

Ext$^n_{A/fA}(M/fM,\_)\cong$ Ext$^n_A(M,\_)$ for every $n\geq0$

Ext$^n_{A/fA}(\_,M/fM)\cong$ Ext$^{n+1}_A(\_,M)$ for every $n\geq0$

I found this theorem into some notes but I don't know how to prove it. I'm even not sure to understand what it means, it seems to imply that the functor Ext$^n_A(M,\_)$ is defined on the category of $A/fA$-modules. Could you tell me how to prove it and could you help me to understand better the statement, please?

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    $A/f$-modules can be considered as $A$-modules by change of rings using the map $A \twoheadrightarrow A/f$. That's why, with some abuse of notation, we can talk about $\operatorname{Ext}_A^n (M,N)$ for $N$ an $A/f$-module. Which notes are you reading?2012-09-20
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    I guess, it is meant like, for all $A$-modules $M$ and $N$: $$\mathrm{Ext}^n_{A/fA}(M/fM,\ N/fN) \cong \mathrm{Ext}^n_A(M, N)$$ I tried to prove it for $n=0$, i.e. for the case of $\ \mathrm{Hom}\ $ functor, but couldn't finish. Probably some property of local rings is needed to be considered.2012-09-20
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    @mt_ this one: http://archive.numdam.org/ARCHIVE/SAC/SAC_1966-1967__1_/SAC_1966-1967__1__A1_0/SAC_1966-1967__1__A1_0.pdf2012-09-23

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Let $R,S$ be rings, let $\phi:R \to S$ be a ring map. Then we have functors $\uparrow = \uparrow_R^S : \operatorname{mod}_R \to \operatorname{mod}_S$ ("induction") and $\downarrow = \downarrow^S_R : \operatorname{mod}_S \to \operatorname{mod}_ r$ ("restriction") defined as follows: $M \downarrow $ is the $R$-module with the same underlying set as $M$ and with $R$-action $r \cdot m := \phi(r)m$ and $N \uparrow : S \otimes _R M$, where the right-action of $R$ on $S$ is $s\cdot r := s\phi(r)$.

Example: $\phi$ is a quotient map $A \to A/f$. Then $N \uparrow = A/f \otimes _A N \cong N/fN$.

In general we have $\hom_S(M\uparrow, X ) \cong \hom_R( M, X\downarrow)$ - see Cartan and Eilenberg p.29. This is "change of rings" and says that induction and restriction are mutually adjoint functors. We always have a map $\phi^*: \operatorname{Ext}^n_S(M\uparrow, X) \to \operatorname{Ext}^n_R(M, X\downarrow)$ (use the Yoneda definition of Ext for example). It is not an isomorphism in general, but if $\operatorname{Tor}^R_n(S, X) = 0$ for $n>0$ it is an isomorphism (CE page 118).

In your case, a projective resolution of $A/f$ over $A$ is given by

$$ 0 \to Af \to A \to A/f \to 0 $$

To compute the Tor groups, tensor with $M$:

$$ 0 \to Af \otimes _A M \to M \to M/f \to 0$$

(making some identifications). The only way this could fail to be exact is if $xf \otimes _A m \mapsto xfm$ were not injective, but $f$ is not a zero divisor on $M$. Thus all higher Tor groups vanish.

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    To type the up/down arrow you need to say `\mathord\uparrow`; otherwise, being a relation, it gets the spacing wrong: compare `M\uparrow=N` $M\uparrow=N$ *vs.* `M\mathord\uparrow=N` $M\mathord\uparrow=N$ (inthe first case `\uparrow=` gets interpreted as a single relation, and spaced accordingly)2012-09-24
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    @Mariano thanks, I'd always hacked that with backslash exclamation mark but felt vaguely guilty about it.2012-09-24