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Is there a term used to describe both an equation and inequality? The closest thing I can think of is "relation".

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    I'd use "relation" too.2012-08-20
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    How about inequation? :-).2012-08-20
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    It depends on context, but to the extent these are not tautologies, they are often constraints.2012-08-20
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    For many authors "inequalities" include "equalities", just like noncommutative rings include commutative rings (here 'non' means 'not necessarily').2012-08-20
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    Note that an equality is just two inequalities in opposite directions.2012-08-20
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    I would say "condition," a la the sort of thing you get from a sentence of logic with a constraint on its truth value; but I'd probably have to explain myself.2012-08-20
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    I'm with BD on "inequality" as being a natural choice.2012-08-20
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    Related question I have: What about general relations with the same gravitas as *identities*? For instance, $\sin\theta \le 1$ (for real $\theta$). I've toyed with the term "comparity". In light of @BillDubuque's comment, perhaps "nonidentity" would be more appropriate.2012-08-21

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