If $(x^2+y^2)^3=4x^2y^2,$ then $r=\sin 2\theta$ for some $\theta$.
Using $r^2=x^2+y^2, x=r\cos\theta,y=r\sin\theta$, it's easy to get $r^2=\sin^22\theta$. But I don't know what to do next, since $r$ could be negative in $r=\sin2\theta.$
Actually the original problem is to show that the affine variety $V((x^2+y^2)^3-4x^2y^2)$ is contained in the four-leaved rose, whose polar equation is certainly $r=\sin 2\theta$. (Exercise 7(b), section 1.2, Ideals, Varieties and Algorithms, 3rd edition, David Cox etc.)