The definition of a separator object appears to enshrine "collective" right-cancellation, but not the individual right-cancellation that is mandated by epicness. IOW, an object is a separator object when $f_1x=f_2x$ for specific $f_1,f_2$ can be right-cancelled if it holds for all $x$, whereas a specific $x$ is epic if $f_1x=f_2x$ can be right-cancelled for any $f_1,f_2$. These do not mean the same thing (which arrows are being universally quantified vs. individually specified is distinct) and aren't necessarily compatible, so we can't define a separator object as one with all outbound morphisms epic.
Consider the following situation: given $S$, there exist arrows from $S$ to $X$, $S\xrightarrow{x}X$ and $S\xrightarrow{y}X$ , and arrows from $X$ to $Y$, $X\xrightarrow{f}Y$ and $X\xrightarrow{g}Y$, such that $fx=gx$ but $fy\ne gy$ and $f\ne g$. This is not in contradiction with the definition of a separator object (so $S$ could still be a separator), while it does preclude $x$ from being an epimorphism. We can even devise a category with precisely these objects and arrows (plus $1_S,1_X,1_Y$), and $S$ will be a separator because the definition is vacuously fulfilled.
On the other hand, if an object $S$ has the property that all outbound morphisms are epic, then it will also be a separator object, so they are related.