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Show that there cannot be an entire function $F$ such that $F(x) = 1-\exp(2\pi i/x)$ for $1 \leq x \leq 2$. I think this has got something to do with Rouche's Theorem or the Argument Principle, but I'm not sure how to apply either of these to this specific problem. Can anyone shed some light?

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If $F(x)=1-\exp(2\pi i/x)$ for $1\leq x\leq 2$ and $f$ is entire, then in fact that equality holds over the whole of $\Omega=\mathbb C\setminus\{0\}$. Indeed, the two sides of the equality are holomorphic functions on the connected set $\Omega$ which coincide in a set which accumulates inside $\Omega$.

Now you should be able to check that there is no entire function which coincides with $1-\exp(2\pi i/x)$ on all of $\Omega$.

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