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I was recently having a discussion with someone, and we found that we could not agree on what an exponential function is, and thus we could not agree on what exponential growth is.

Wikipedia claims it is $e^x$, whereas I thought it was $k^x$, where k could be any unchanging number. For example, when I'm doing Computer Science classes, I would do everything using base 2. Is $2^x$ not an exponential function? The classical example of exponential growth is something that doubles every increment, which is perfectly fulfilled by $2^x$. I'd also thought $10^x$ was a common case of exponential growth, that is, increasing by an order of magnitude each time. Or am I wrong in this, and only things that follow the natural exponential are exponential equations, and thus examples of exponential growth?

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    Whether one thinks of exponential growth as $e^{ct}$ ($c$ positive) or $a^t$ ($a\t 1$), one is dealing with the same phenomenon, just take $a=e^c$.2012-06-21

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$e^x$ is the exponential function, but $c\cdot k^x$ is an exponential function for any $k$ ($> 0, \ne1$) and $c$ ($\ne 0$).

The terminology is a bit confusing, but is so well settled that one just has to get used to it.

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    $c\cdot k^x=c \cdot e^{x\cdot \ln k}$, so if constants in the exponent don't bother you then sure.2012-06-21
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If $x$ has units (e.g. time), then there's no way to distinguish between these possibilities; they're all equivalent up to change of units.