I am not sure how to do this but I need to find $\frac{dy}{dx}$ and $\frac{d^2 y}{dx^2}$
For $x = t^2 + 1, y= t^2+t$
And then show what t values gives a concave upward.
I know the simple formula to find $\frac{dy}{dx}$
I get $\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{y'}{x'}$ $\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{2t+1}{2t}$
$\frac{d^2 y}{dx^2} = \frac{\frac{dy}{dx}}{dx}$
$\frac{\frac{2t+1}{2t}}{2t}$
This is wrong and I am not sure why, they end with a negative number which makes no sense to me.