Very interesting.
I think you can prove it recursively, but it will be a little long, so I won't do it here.
First, note that this is true for all basic elementary functions (polynomials, $\exp$, $\tanh$, ...). You have to find for each one an asymptote of their reverse function ($x^{\frac{1}{degree}}$ for polynomials, $\ln$ for $\exp$, ...).
Then, for any way of building an elementary function (unary and binary), find an elementary asymptote as well.
Example :
Let us consider $f$ an injective elementary function whose inverse $f^{-1}$ has for asymptote $a$, which is elementary. Then, $f^n $ is also elementary and injective. Let us note $g = (f^n)^{-1} $. Prove $g$ is asymptotic to $a^{\frac{1}{n}}$, or some other elementary function you build with $a$
Let us consider $f$ and $g$ two injective elementary functions whose inverses $f^{-1}$ and $g^{-1}$ have for asymptote respectively $a$ and $b$, which are elementary. If $\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow \infty} \frac{f(x)}{g(x)} = 0$, then (I think it is $a$, but prove it) $a$ is asymptotic to $(f+g)^{-1}$, if $\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow \infty} \frac{f(x)}{g(x)} = \infty$, then ...
and so on
Once you have done all these cases, you are done.
If you cannot prove one step (but I doubt it will happen), it may highlight a case for which it isn't true. But still, you will know it to be true for many cases of elementary functions