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How does one compute the value the following integral $ \int_0^1 \int_y^1 \frac{\sin x}{x} dx dy$

Direct integration involves a non-elementary function (erfc), so a change of variables is necessary. However, I can't figure out any useful one. Any suggestions?

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    Try switching the limits of integration.2012-10-21

2 Answers 2

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$ \begin{align*} \int_{0}^{1}\int_{y}^{1}\frac{\sin x}{x}\,dxdy &=\left[ y \int_{y}^{1}\frac{\sin x}{x}\,dx \right]_{0}^{1} - \int_{0}^{1} y\frac{d}{dy}\int_{y}^{1}\frac{\sin x}{x}\,dxdy\\ &=\int_{0}^{1}\sin y \, dy. \end{align*} $

Now the rest is clear. It is not obvious from the calculation, but in general integration by parts can be thought as a special case of the interchange of the order of integration, the method which Eric Stucky pointed out.

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$\int_0^1 \int_y^1 f(x,y) dx dy=\int_0^1 \int_0^x f(x,y) dy dx $