So clearly, you are given $a_1, a_2, a_3, b_1, b_2, b_3$. You're computing the individual ratios $r_i = a_i / b_i$, you sum them to form $R_1 = r_1 + r_2 + r_3$. Then you compute another ratio which is $(a_1 + a_2 + a_3)/(b_1 + b_2 + b_3)$, and you expect that given $r_1, r_2, r_3$, you can compute $(a_1 + a_2 + a_3) / (b_1 + b_2 + b_3)$. If I am wrong on this description correct me.
Let's see what we can do. I'll try to express the total ratio in terms of the $r_i$'s and assume they are real numbers. You can compute $ \frac{a_1 + a_2 + a_3}{b_1 + b_2 + b_3} = \frac{r_1 b_1 + r_2 b_2 + r_3 b_3}{r_1 a_1 + r_2 a_2 + r_3 a_3} = \frac{r \cdot b}{r \cdot a} $ by letting $r = (r_1, r_2, r_3)$, $a = (a_1, a_2, a_3)$, and $b = (b_1, b_2, b_3)$, with the $\cdot$ meaning scalar product (hence my algebra-precalculus tag). You have access to the vector $r$ and wish to know the ratio $(r \cdot b)/(r \cdot a)$. As you can see from linear algebra, you can find two different ratios that will give you the same total ratio. For instance, if $\lambda \in \mathbb R \backslash \{0 \}$, $ \frac{r \cdot b}{r \cdot a} = \frac{(\lambda r) \cdot ((1/\lambda)b)}{(\lambda r) \cdot ((1/\lambda) a)} $ Therefore, given the ratios $r_1, r_2, r_3$ or the ratios $\lambda r_1, \lambda r_2, \lambda r_3$, you find the same total ratio. This makes no hope of computing the total ratio with only the "component-wise ratios", since you can take component wise ratios as big as you want and still obtain the same total ratio. But then again it doesn't mean that there exist no such formula ; I just have little faith that such a formula exists. It doesn't seem very useful either, to be honest ; why do you want to compute things this way? With more information perhaps I could help on the problem behind the question.
Hope that helps,