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Let $\alpha\in (0,1)$ and $\beta=\frac{1-\alpha}{2}$.

Define $T_0(x) = \beta x$ and $T_1(x) = (1-\beta) + \beta x$ , $\forall x\in [0,1]$.

Recursively define $I_0 =[0,1]$ and $I_{n+1}= T_0(I_n) \cup T_1(I_n)$.

The Middle-$\alpha$ Cantor Set is defined as $\bigcap_{n\in \omega} I_n$.

I have proved that $I_n$ is a disjoint union of $2^n$ intervals, each of length $\beta^n$. That is, $I_n=\bigcup_{i=1}^{2^n} [a_i,b_i]$

My question is that how do i prove that every endpoint $a_i,b_i$ in $I_n$ is in $\bigcap_{n\in\omega} I_n$?

It seems trivial, but i don't know how to prove this..

2 Answers 2

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Almost entirely irrelevant to the question

That the Middle-$\alpha$ Cantor set is closed is easy as it is the intersection of closed sets.

The rest will be a fairly broad outline, and there are some details to fill in. Let $C$ denote the Middle-$\alpha$ Cantor set, and let $x \in C$ be arbitrary. We need to show that for all $\epsilon > 0$ there is a $y \in C \cap ( x - \epsilon , x + \epsilon )$ distinct from $x$.

Note that there must be an $n$ such the the unique closed interval containing $x$ in the $n$th stage of the construction of $C$ is entirely contained within the $( x - \epsilon , x + \epsilon )$. (Remember how I said some details are missing? This is where they would go. one has to determine the lengths of the intervals at each stage of the construction, but it is not overly difficult.) Note that the endpoints of this interval will be elements of $C$, and (at least) one of them is distinct from $x$. Clearly each endpoint of $I$ is an endpoint of either $I_0$ or $I_1$.


Perhaps slightly relevant to the question

I think your problem might come down to notational issues. Perhaps a better way of attacking this problem is to determine the endpoints of the open middle-$\alpha$ interval removed given an arbitrary closed interval $[a,b]$. Relatively simple calculation shows that this open interval is $\left( \frac{(b-a)(1-\alpha)}{2} , \frac{(b-a)(1+\alpha)}{2}\right)$, meaning that the subintervals remaining are $\left[ a , \frac{(b-a)(1-\alpha)}{2} \right]$ and $\left[ \frac{(b-a)(1+\alpha)}{2} , b \right]$. From here the result you are looking for is easy.

As it stands, your functions $T_0$ and $T_1$ seem to really mix up the intervals, and it will make it quite difficult to find for each interval remaining in the $(n+1)$st stage which interval from the $n$th stage generated it. (You would have to play around with how these interact, and you could come up with a formula, but it won't be pretty.)

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    @Katlus: Please see my addition.2012-12-03
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Define $I_n^* = I_0 - I_n, \forall n\in \omega$.

Note that (i);

$I_{n+1}^*\\=I_0 \setminus I_{n+1} \\=I_0 \setminus (T_0(I_n)\cup T_1(I_n)) \\=(I_0\setminus (T_0(I_0)\setminus T_0(I_n^*)))\cap (I_0\setminus (T_1(I_0)\setminus T_1(I_n^*)) \\=T_0(I_n^*)\cup I_1^* \cup T_1(I_n^*)$.

Also(ii), it can be found that, $\forall x\in I_n, \beta x\in I_n$ and $(1-\beta)+\beta x \in I_n$.

Let $E_n$ be a set of endpoints of $I_n$.

Let $G=\{n\in \omega | n

Then, it can be shown that $n.

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    Edited proof seems correct to me.2012-12-03