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The following is my proof of the assertion that the set of diagonalizable matrices is Zariski-dense in $M_n(\mathbb F)$. Is this right ?

Let $\mathbb F$ be an infinite field (not necessarily algebraically closed)and $M_n(\mathbb F)$ the set of all $n \times n$ matrices with entries in $\mathbb F$.

We denote by $D_n(\mathbb F)$ the set of $n \times n$ diagonalizable matrices with entries in $\mathbb F$.

For each $A \in M_n(\mathbb F)$, we denote by $d(A)$ the discriminant of the characteristic polynomial of $A$.

Since $d(A)$ is a polynomial in the entries of $A$ with coefficients in $\mathbb F$, the set $U := \{ X \in M_n(\mathbb F) : d(X) \not = 0 \}$ is Zariski-open. (Here, we are identifying $M_n(\mathbb F)$ with ${\mathbb A}^{n^2}$.)

It follows from the fact that ${\mathbb A}^{n^2}$ is irreducible that $U$ is Zariski-dense in ${\mathbb A}^{n^2}$. As $U$ is contained in $D_n(\mathbb F)$, $D_n(\mathbb F)$ is also Zariski-dense in ${\mathbb A}^{n^2}$.

Thanks in advance.

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    @Aki Yup, that's right.2012-10-05

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Your proof is only correct if by "diagonalizable" you mean "diagonalizable" over an extension field of $\mathbb F$.
However, in my experience this is not the most usual interpretation of diagonalizable.
The rotation $\begin {pmatrix} 0&-1\\1&0\end {pmatrix}$ by $\pi/2$ in the plane over $\mathbb R$ for example is not diagonalizable over $\mathbb R$, even though its characteristic polynomial is $X^2+1$ has nonzero discriminant.
In your proof however it counts as diagonalizable, and that is the controversial point.

Edit
I have just checked that Hoffman-Kunze explicitly write on page 185 of their Linear Algebra that the above matrix is not diagonalizable.

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    Thank you for your answer. I've just looked at the page of Hoffman-Kunze. I think this is a crucial point for me, because I've been trying to understand a proof of "the ring of invariants for the conjugation action of $GL(V)$ on $End(V)$ is generated by the elementary symmetric polynomials of eigenvalues", where $V$ is a finite dimensional $\mathbb F$-vector space. In the proof,the lemma saying that every invariant function on $M_n(\mathbb F)$ is completely determined by its restriction to the set of diagonal matrices is used. To understand this, I attempted to apply the fact above.2012-10-05