Let $\phi\colon D\to D'$ be a map of division rings, such that $\phi$ is a homomorphism of the additive groups, respects unity, and if $a\neq 0$, $\phi(a)\neq 0$, and $\phi(a)^{-1}=\phi(a^{-1})$. It's a theorem of L.K. Hua that $\phi$ is either a homomorphism of anti-homomorphism, but I'm struggling to prove it.
It's a result of Jacobson and Rickart that any Jordan homomorphism of a ring into a domain is either a homomorphism or an anti-homomorphism (Theorem 2 of this paper) so I think it's sufficient to show $\phi$ is a Jordan homomorphism, that is, $\phi(aba)=\phi(a)\phi(b)\phi(a)$ for all $a,b\in D$, as the other two properties of a Jordan homomorphism are already assumed.
I was able to derive Hua's identity that if $a,b,ab-1$ are invertible elements of a ring, then $ ((a-b^{-1})^{-1}-a^{-1})^{-1}=aba-a. $ Now $\phi(aba)=\phi(a)\phi(b)\phi(a)$ holds if $a,b=0$, or if $ab-1=0$, so I'm only trying to verify for the other case where $a,b,ab-1$ are all units. Applying $\phi$ to $aba$ and using the above identity, I get something bad $ ((\phi(a)-\phi(b)^{-1})^{-1}-\phi(a)^{-1})^{-1}+\phi(a). $ What's the correct way to tell that $\phi$ is a homomorphism or anti-homomorphism? Thanks.