we need to tell whether $a,b$ true or false,
I know that there does not exist $n\times n$ $A,B$ such that $(AB-BA)=I$,as if we take trace of both side they are not equal, so $a$ is false?
$b$ I have no idea, could any one give me hint?
we need to tell whether $a,b$ true or false,
I know that there does not exist $n\times n$ $A,B$ such that $(AB-BA)=I$,as if we take trace of both side they are not equal, so $a$ is false?
$b$ I have no idea, could any one give me hint?
(a) Let $C = AB - BA$. Then we have that the eigenvalues of $(I-C)^n$ are all $0$, and hence the eigenvalues of $I - C$ are also all zero. (Here we use the fact that if $\lambda$ is an eigenvalue of $A$ then $\lambda^n$ is an eigenvalue of $A^n$).
Hence, the eigenvalues of $C$ are all $1$, which implies that the trace of $C$ is $n$. On the other hand, $tr(AB) = tr(BA)$ implies that $tr(C) = tr(AB - BA) = 0$, a contradiction.
So, no such matrices exist.
(b) Take $a_1,a_2, \cdots, a_n$ to be the eigenvalues of $A$, and note that $\displaystyle tr(A) = \sum_{i=1}^n a_i, \ \ \ \det(A) = \prod_{i=1}^n a_i$.
As positive definiteness of $A$ gives us that $a_1, a_2, \cdots, a_n$ are all positive, therefore we apply the AM -GM Inequality which immediately gives us what is required.
As $A$ is symetric and positive, $A$ is diagonalizable and there exist $a_1,a_2 \cdots a_n$ are the eigenvalues of A nonnegatives. Then, \begin{equation} \dfrac{a_1+a_2 \cdots +a_n}{n} \ge (a_1\cdot a_2 \cdots a_n)^{1/n}, \end{equation} and follows \begin{equation} \dfrac{tr(A)}{n}\ge det(A))^{1/n}. \end{equation}