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I was looking at Wolfram Alpha's interpretation of the integral $\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{-e^{-x} - x}dx = 1$ and I'm trying to explicitly compute that now. My first attempt was to substitute with $u = -e^{-x}$, but I ended up getting a $u^u$ in the resulting integral, which I don't think can be derived in elementary functions. After several more unsuccessful attempts at solving this integral, I think that either I'm missing something obvious or that this integral can't be evaluated with elementary functions. I am curious to read your htoughts.

( http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=integrate+-infinity+to+infinity+e%5E%28-x-e%5E%28-x%29%29 )

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    Although the question has apparently been settled by Raymond below, try changing $x\to ix$. Perhaps this integral could also be expressed in terms of [Hankel functions](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessel_function#Hankel_functions:_H.CE.B1.281.29.2C_H.CE.B1.282.29)2012-10-14

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Set $y:=e^{-x}$ then (since $-dy=e^{-x}dx$) : $\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{-e^{-x} - x}dx=\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{-e^{-x}}e^{-x}dx=\int_{\infty}^0-e^{-y}dy=\int_0^\infty e^{-y}dy=1$

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This integral cannot be solved in terms of elementary functions. Try using Maclaurin series!

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    you are wrong about elementary functions ... $\frac{d}{dx} \exp(-e^{-x}) = \exp(-e^{-x}-x)$ ... but maybe Maclaurin series will work, too, who knows?2012-10-14