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The following theorem is known as generalized Hensel lifting(see here). Can we prove this without using $P$-adic completion?

Theorem Let $A$ be a Dedekind domain. Let $P$ be a non-zero prime ideal of $A$. Let $f(x) \in A[x]$ be a polynomial. Let $a \in A$. Suppose $P^r||f'(a)$. Let $m = 2r + 1$. Let $k \geq m$ be an integer. Suppose $f(a) \equiv 0$ (mod $P^k$). Then there exists $b \in A$ such that $b \equiv a$ (mod $P^{k-r}$), $P^r||f'(b)$ and $f(b) \equiv 0$ (mod $P^{k + 1}$).

This can be an immediate corollary of the above theorem.

Motivation This theorem can be used in class field theory. I'm interested in proving CFT without $p$-adic numbers(see here).

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    That section of the Wikipedia page is *not* using completeness to get a result like you want (an approximate root mod $P^k$ leading to an approximate root mod $P^{k+1}$). Completeness is needed there to be sure the approximation process converges to an actual root in the ring $A$. To define the sequence of approximate roots doesn't need any completeness, just like Newton's method for solving real equations does not need completeness in order to define the Newton recursion; completeness becomes essential when you want to show the recursion converges.2012-07-23

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