Why do analytic functions always have an antiderivative on a simply connected region?
Thank you for your time,
Chris
Why do analytic functions always have an antiderivative on a simply connected region?
Thank you for your time,
Chris
Cauchy's Theorem tells us that $\displaystyle\int_{\gamma_1} f(x) dz = \displaystyle\int_{\gamma_2} f(x) dz$ whenever $\gamma_1 \gamma_2$ are homotopic, simple curves sharing the same endpoints in $f$'s domain of analyticity $\Omega .$ We can use this fact to define the antiderivative of $f$ in $\Omega $ as follows: $F(\omega ) = \displaystyle\int_{\gamma } f(z) dz,$ where $\gamma $ is a contour connecting a fixed point $z_0\in \Omega $ to $\omega.$ Analyticity is required simply so that $F$ is well-defined (in general it is not.) Using a parametrization $\rho (t) = \omega_0 + (\omega - \omega_0)t, 0\le t \le 1,$ you can show that the difference quotient satisfies $\frac{F(\omega ) - F(\omega_0)}{\omega - \omega_0} = \displaystyle\int_0^1 f(\omega_0 + t(\omega - \omega_0)) dt.$