Note that $t^{34}-1=(t^{33}+t^{31}+\cdots+t+1)(t-1)$ and so, substituting $t=x^3$, we get $x^{102}-1=(x^{99}+x^{96}+\cdots+x^3+1)(x^3-1)$ So any real root of $x^{99}+x^{96}+\cdots+x^3+1$ will be a real root of $x^{102}-1$ (and those should be easy to find). But note that, for example, $1$ is a real root of $x^{102}-1$, but is not a root of $x^{99}+x^{96}+\cdots+x^3+1$, since $34=1+1+\cdots+1\neq0$. So, once you find the real roots of $x^{102}-1$ and determine which of them is in fact a root of $x^{99}+x^{96}+\cdots+x^3+1$, you can combine with the real roots of $x^2-3x+2=(x-1)(x-2)$ to get the answer.
To factorize $x^{99}+x^{96}+\cdots+x^3+1$ into irreducibles over $\mathbb{Z}$ (which, it turns out, is equivalent to factoring into irreducibles over $\mathbb{Q}$ in this case), we use the fact that $x^{99}+x^{96}+\cdots+x^3+1=\frac{x^{102}-1}{x^3-1}$ combined with the fact that $x^{102}-1=\prod_{d\mid 102}\Phi_d(x)=\Phi_{102}(x)\Phi_{51}(x)\Phi_{34}(x)\Phi_{17}(x)\Phi_6(x)\Phi_3(x)\Phi_2(x)\Phi_1(x)$ where $\Phi_d(x)$ is the $d$th cyclotomic polynomial. The cyclotomic polynomials are all irreducible over $\mathbb{Q}$. Any irreducible polynomial in $\mathbb{R}[x]$, though, is either a linear $x-a$ for $a\in\mathbb{R}$, or a quadratic $x^2+ax+b$ for which $a^2-4b<0$. The factorization into irreducibles over $\mathbb{R}$ is just $(x-1)$, $(x+1)$, and then a bunch of quadratics $x^2-(\zeta_{102}^k+\overline{\zeta_{102}}^k)x+1=(x-\zeta_{102}^k)(x-\overline{\zeta_{102}}^k)$ where $\zeta_{102}$ is a primitive $102$th root of unity and $0.
Of course, the factorization into irreducibles over $\mathbb{C}$ is just $(x-1)(x-\zeta_{102})(x-\zeta_{102}^2)\cdots(x-\zeta_{102}^{50})(x+1)(x-\zeta_{102}^{52})\cdots(x-\zeta_{102}^{101})$ Wolfram Alpha has a nice printout with the conjugate pairs, it may be helpful.