I would like to evaluate: $ \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{\sqrt{x(1+e^x)}}\mathrm dx $ Given that I can't find $ \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x(1+e^x)}}\mathrm dx $, a substitution is needed: I tried $ u=\sqrt{x(1+e^x)} $ and $ u=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x(1+e^x)}} $ but I could not get rid of $x$ in the new integral.... Do you have ideas of substitution?
Evaluate $ \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{1}{\sqrt{x(1+e^x)}}\mathrm dx $
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0A complex analysis approach might also be doable: the integrand has poles at $x_n = (2n + 1)\pi i$ – 2011-09-25
2 Answers
$ \begin{align} \int_0^\infty\frac{1}{\sqrt{x(1+e^x)}}\mathrm{d}x &=2\int_0^\infty\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+e^{x^2}}}\mathrm{d}x\\ &=2\int_0^\infty(1+e^{-x^2})^{-1/2}e^{-x^2/2}\;\mathrm{d}x\\ &=2\int_0^\infty\sum_{k=0}^\infty(-\tfrac{1}{4})^k\binom{2k}{k}e^{(2k+1)x^2/2}\;\mathrm{d}x\\ &=\sum_{k=0}^\infty(-\tfrac{1}{4})^k\binom{2k}{k}\sqrt{\frac{2\pi}{2k+1}} \end{align} $
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5This is the same as Sasha's answer, just rewriting $\binom{-1/2}{n}$. – 2011-09-25
I doubt this integral admits closed-form expression for its value. You could expand integrand into a series:
$ \frac{1}{\sqrt{1+\mathrm{e}^x}} = \frac{\mathrm{e}^{-x/2}}{\sqrt{1+\mathrm{e}^{-x}}} = \sum_{n=0}^\infty \binom{-\frac{1}{2}}{n} \mathrm{e}^{-\left(n+\frac{1}{2}\right)x} $
You can then integrate term-wise to get that
$ \int_0^\infty \frac{1}{\sqrt{x \left(1+\mathrm{e}^x \right)}} \mathrm{d} x = \sum_{n=0}^\infty \binom{-\frac{1}{2}}{n} \sqrt{ \frac{2 \pi }{ 2n+1}} \simeq 2.0343 $