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If we have a quad tree where each node must have 0 or 4 children, is there an expression that can me the maximum height of a quad tree with $n$ nodes?

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A tree of height $m$ where at each level only one node has children will have $1+4(m-1)$ nodes, assuming a tree with only one node has height one. The height will be $m=\frac{n+3}{4}$ for $n$ nodes. If your number of nodes is not $1 \pmod 4$, it won't work as each branch adds 4 nodes.

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    @joriki: You are right. Fixed. Thanks.2011-04-06