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I'm reading the chapter on Markov processes in DeGroot and do not find the explanation for the following thing:

A transition matrix P is specified in the following way: $P = \begin{pmatrix} 0.1 & 0.4 & 0.2 & 0.1 & 0.1 & 0.1\\ 0.2 & 0.3 & 0.2 & 0.1 & 0.1 & 0.1\\ 0.1 & 0.2 & 0.3 & 0.2 & 0.1 & 0.1\\ 0.1 & 0.1 & 0.2 & 0.3 & 0.2 & 0.1\\ 0.1 & 0.1 & 0.1 & 0.2 & 0.3 & 0.2\\ 0.1 & 0.1 & 0.1 & 0.1 & 0.4 & 0.2 \end{pmatrix}$

And mentions that to obtain a two step matrix you simply multiply the matrix by itself to obtain $P^2$.

I don't understand how these values are obtained for $P^2$: $P = \begin{pmatrix} 0.14 & 0.23 & 0.20 & 0.15 & 0.16 & 0.12\\ 0.13 & 0.24 & 0.20 & 0.15 & 0.16 & 0.12\\ 0.12 & 0.20 & 0.21 & 0.18 & 0.17 & 0.12\\ 0.11 & 0.17 & 0.19 & 0.20 & 0.20 & 0.13\\ 0.11 & 0.16 & 0.16 & 0.18 & 0.24 & 0.15\\ 0.11 & 0.16 & 0.15 & 0.17 & 0.25 & 0.16 \end{pmatrix}$

What am I missing? Should the values simply be multiplied by themselves?

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1 Answers 1

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If I understand the question correctly, what you're looking for is matrix multiplication.