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How can I prove that $T^{2} = T$ for a linear operator on $W$ implies that $V = Null T \oplus Range T?$ I know that their dimensions add up to the dimension of $W$, how do I show I can represent any element in $W$ like that? Or could I start with a basis for null and then add vectors of a basis of the range and say that the list doesn't become dependent because vectors (besides o) that form a basis for image T can't be in the basis? Or is that hand-wavy?

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    Am I going insan$e$? I can't understand this question at all!2011-09-30

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HINT: $ \rm T(v-Tv) = Tv-T^2v = 0 $ so $ \rm v-Tv \in \ker T$, and $ \rm v= (v-Tv) + Tv$

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    +1 That was a question I had on an assignment a few weeks ago....2011-09-30
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Let's examine what would happen if this were true.. for $v \in W$ you want $v = s + t$, where $s \in \text{null}(T)$ and $t \in \text{range}(T)$. Then $t = Pu$ and $Ps = 0$. Thus $Pv = Pu$. Figure out how to choose $u$, and you can solve $s$. Then just show that your choice satisfies $v = s + t$, $s \in \text{null}(T)$ and $t \in \text{range}(T)$. Then show that the representation is unique.