Why is it that $7 = 10-3$ $77 = 10^2-23$ $777 = 10^3- 223$ It seems that $3,23,223, \dots$ are all prime numbers. Is there any special reason for this?
Pattern of Numbers
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number-theory
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5[the strong law of small numbers](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong_Law_of_Small_Numbers) – 2011-11-19
2 Answers
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No. $7777=10^4-2223$, and $2223=3\cdot 741$ is not prime. More generally, $10^n=\underset{n}{\underbrace{7\dots 7}}+\underset{n-1}{\underbrace{2\dots 2}}3\;,$ and if $n-1$ is a multiple of $3$, then $\underset{n-1}{\underbrace{2\dots 2}}3$ is guaranteed to be a multiple of $3$. Thus, $\underset{n-1}{\underbrace{2\dots 2}}3$ is composite for $n=4,7,10,13,\dots$.
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2For $n \leq 400$, the only prime values are $n=1, 2, 3, 8, 11, 36, 95, 101, 128, 260, 351, \dots$; not that many primes, I'd say. – 2011-11-19
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Primality testing for the first 1000 elements using Mathematica:
Tally[PrimeQ/@Table[ToExpression@StringJoin[{Array["2" &, {i}], {"3"}}], {i, 0, 1000}]] {{True, 13}, {False, 987}}
The number of digits of those primes are:
{1, 2, 3, 8, 11, 36, 95, 101, 128, 260, 351, 467, 645}
Edit
Primes get sparse as you go on. For the first 2000 elements:
{{True, 16}, {False, 1984}}
The number of digits of those primes are:
{1, 2, 3, 8, 11, 36, 95, 101, 128, 260, 351, 467, 645, 1011, 1178, 1217}
Plotting occurrence number vs. number of digits on a Log scale:
ListLogPlot[Flatten@Position[b, True], InterpolationOrder -> 3, Joined -> True, Mesh -> Full]
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1Wow, I got eleven out o$f$ thirteen? :D – 2011-11-19