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Could someone please explain to me, why the embedding $\iota \colon C^0( \overline{\Omega}) \to L^2(\Omega)$ is not compact?

$\Omega=(0,1)$ and $ \overline{\Omega}$ denotes the closure of $\Omega$.

I already got the hint to use the sequence $f_k(x):=\sin(k\pi x) $ with $k \in \mathbb N$. Then I can prove, that $(f_k)$ converges weakly to $0$. But how to continue the proof?

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    To see how to implement Davide's suggestion: I worked out some similar examples [in section 2.4 of these lecture notes](https://documents.epfl.ch/users/w/ww/wwywong/www/lecturenotes/NotesOnSobolevSpaces.pdf), it should give you a general thread to follow. (You may especially want to look at Lemma 29.)2011-11-30

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I offer this so that your previous work is not wasted:

In order to be compact, your embedding would have to map a bounded sequence to a sequence with a norm convergent subsequence. Since you've shown $\{f_n\}$ converges weakly to $0$, any norm convergent subsequence of $\{f_n\}$ would have to converge in norm to 0 (since norm convergence to $y$ implies weak convergence to $y$). But $\Vert f_n\Vert_{L_2}^2={1\over 2}-{\sin 2\pi n\over 4\pi n}$ for each $n$.

More directly, though, just use Davide's and Willie's suggestions.