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Suppose we choose a random number n from 0..100.Y and X are discrete random independent variables that have uniform distribution with 0...n.If Y+X equals to 15 what is expectancy of n?

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    yes it is a discrete distribution2011-02-12

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Following up Henry's answer and comment, if we assume than $n$ is a fixed but unknown number and $X$ and $Y$ are independent discrete random variables uniformly distributed on $\{0, 1, \ldots, n\}$, then $P\{X + Y = i\} = \begin{cases} (i+1)/(n+1)^2, & 0 \leq i \leq n,\\ (2n+1-i)/(n+1)^2, & n+1 \leq i \leq 2n,\end{cases}$ with a maximum value of $(n+1)^{-1}$ at $i = n$. Given $X + Y = 15$, we know that $n$ must be at least $8$. Furthermore, the likelihood of the observation $X + Y = 15$ is $0$ for $0 \leq n < 8$,$2/9^2$ when $n = 8$, $4/10^2$ when $n = 9$, etc., peaking at $1/16$ when $n = 15$/ Thus, as Henry suspected, the maximum-likelihood estimate of $n$ is 15. But the question asked by the OP is

If Y+X = 15, what is expectancy of n?

which seems to imply that the OP wants the conditional expected value of n$ given $X + Y = 15$, presumably under the assumption that the prior distribution of $n$ is uniform on $\{0, 1, \ldots, 100\}$. So now we need to compute $P\{n = m \mid X+Y = 15\} = \frac{\frac{1}{101}P\{X+Y = 15 \mid n = m\}}{ \frac{1}{101}\sum_{i = 0}^{100}P\{X+Y = 15 \mid n = i\} }$ which presumably leads to the conditional median of $n$ being 32 and the conditional mean being over 39.5. I wonder what the Bayesian or maximum aposteriori probability estimate of $n$ is?

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It is probably worth starting by working out the answer to: If $Y$ and $X$ are discrete random independent variables that have uniform distribution on the integers $0,\ldots...n$, then what is the probability that $Y+X=15$.

You could then use these probabilities as likelihoods in your original question.

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    It is true that $E[X+Y] = n$ but that does not help with your original question as stated. Given that $X+Y=15$, I suspect the maximum likelihood estimate of $n$ is $15$, the median estimate is $32$ and the expectation of $n$ is over $39.5$. If the answer is 14, then you may have misstated the question.2011-02-12