So hopefully you understand what the $\sum$ symbol means, it's just a summation across all of those indices. In this case we have our weight vectors
$w_1,w_2,\dots,w_n$
and our vector $y$. The neuron then is going to compute the new value of $y_i$, based on a dot product of $w_i$ with $y$. Hence
$\sum_{j} w_{ij}y_j$
is just dot product of $w_i$ and $y$, where both are $n$-dimensional vectors.
Then $f$ is an activation function, it could be a preceptron or it could be a linear node. So it may output the value of the net, or it may output a 0 or a 1 based on the value of the summation. Or it could have some non-linear neuron it all depends on the network.